At this stage, the elderly person needs the help of others to meet their needs and handle their affairs and care, given the physical, psychological, and social changes that occur to them, which may increase the scale of the problems they face, and consequently may affect their relationships with their family and the people around them and their adjustment to them.
The thinking of the elderly is characterised by relativism, as they are more accepting of the existence of contradictory and conflicting cognitive frameworks.
Realising that contradiction is a characteristic of the world of truth and reality.
Their thinking seeks to bring about integration or synthesis between contradictory aspects of knowledge in order to reach a new, more comprehensive formation.
Cultural factors play their role in shaping the thinking of the elderly, and perhaps the most important of these factors are: the degree of cultural advancement in society, and the educational system the elderly person was exposed to at different stages of their life.
Staff at elderly care homes, social and psychological specialists, and families of older people.
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