Security and safety are a goal pursued by everyone, whether at work, at home, or elsewhere, and companies, institutions and government sectors are concerned with providing safety and security procedures for workers. It is also a goal for administrations, institutions and private bodies to provide everything within their power to ensure safety, whether through guidance, training or awareness.
People with special needs are exposed to many risks, and their safety is at several times greater risk than others, whether that is in their homes, in the institutions that care for them and where they are present, or in their places of work. There are people with special needs whose abilities do not allow them sufficient mobility to get rid of risks, move away from them, or act in the face of them, such as physical injuries. There are also people with special needs who do not have the ability to understand instructions related to security and safety, perceive risks, and act in a sound and correct manner in emergency situations, as is the case with intellectual disabilities, and the inability to see hazards or hear alarm bells, as is the case with people with hearing and visual impairments.
The general requirements for preventive engineering services, as alternatives to some other preventive conditions inside buildings for people with special needs, must be complied with, and these are represented in the following:
The ventilation system (according to the international specifications approved by civil defence), namely:
Appropriate mechanical or natural ventilation must be provided in buildings, in accordance with the international specifications approved by civil defence.
The mechanical ventilation system in the basement must be separate from any other system in the building.
This system must also be designed to operate on two separate units, to overcome the worst conditions.
Illuminated directional signs on every floor, in corridors, in the basement, and at emergency exits.
An emergency lighting network, in each of (all floors - corridors - the basement - emergency exits).
A backup electrical power source for the building, especially in covered car parks.
A fire lift (if the building's height exceeds six floors or 20 m).
Automatically operating fire doors (in accordance with preventive precautions in engineering fields).
School safety and security managers, special-needs supervisors, and emergency management staff.
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